The study, published in the International Journal of Cancer, finds vitamin D links with the gene G6PD increases its activity and the production of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.

Increased activity of the enzyme clears cells of reactive oxygen species -- the so-called free radicals. Reactive oxygen species can play a role in cell signaling and even kill bacteria but when there is chemical or radiation exposure high levels of reactive oxygen species damage DNA and can play a significant role in speeding aging or causing cancer.

"If you reduce DNA damage, you reduce the risk of cancer or aging," study research leader Yi-Fen Lee said in a statement.

"Our study adds one more beneficial effect of taking a vitamin D supplement. Taking a supplement is especially important for senior citizens and others who might have less circulation of vitamin D, and for people who live and work areas where there is less sunshine."

The vitamin D used in the study is 1,25-hydroxylvitamin D3, the most potent and active form of vitamin D in the human body.