The Almanac

Today is Tuesday, Dec. 6, the 340th day of 2005 with 25 to follow.

The moon is waxing. The morning stars are Mercury, Jupiter and Saturn. The evening stars are Venus, Mars, Pluto, Uranus and Neptune.

Those born on this date are under the sign of Sagittarius. They include England's King Henry VI in 1421; French chemist Joseph Gay-Lussac in 1778; pioneer Western movie star William S. Hart in 1870; poet Joyce Kilmer in 1886; lyricist Ira Gershwin in 1896; photojournalist Alfred Eisenstaedt in 1898; actress Agnes Moorehead in 1906; jazz pianist Dave Brubeck in 1920 (age 84); comedian Wally Cox in 1924; actors James Naughton in 1945 (age 60) and Tom Hulce in 1953 (age 52); comedian Steven Wright in 1955 (age 50); and actress Janine Turner in 1962 (age 42).

On this date in history:

In 1811, the first in a series of earthquakes rocked the Midwest, in and around New Madrid, Mo.

In 1865, the 13th Amendment to the U.S Constitution was ratified, abolishing slavery in the United States.

In 1907, in West Virginia's Marion County, an explosion in a network of mines owned by the Fairmont Coal Company in Monongah killed 361 coal miners. It was the worst mining disaster in U.S. history.

In 1917, more than 1,600 people died in an explosion when a Belgian relief ship and a French munitions vessel collided in the harbor at Halifax, Nova Scotia.

In 1922, the Irish Free State, forerunner of the modern Republic of Ireland, was officially proclaimed.

In 1933, Americans crowded into liquor stores, bars and cafes to buy their first legal alcoholic beverages in 13 years, following repeal of Prohibition.

In 1941, President Franklin D. Roosevelt sent a message to Japanese Emperor Hirohito expressing hope that gathering war clouds would be dispelled. Japan attacked Pearl Harbor the next day.

In 1969, an all-star concert headlined by the Rolling Stones at the Altamont Speedway in Livermore, Calif., was marred by tragedy when a spectator was stabbed to death by members of the Hell's Angels, which had been hired as security guards for the event.

In 1973, Gerald Ford was sworn in as vice president under Richard Nixon, replacing Spiro Agnew, who had resigned in the face of income tax evasion charges.

In 1975, the Senate authorized a $2.3 billion emergency loan to save New York City from bankruptcy.

In 1986, President Reagan admitted "mistakes were made" in executing U.S. policy involving arms sales to Iran.

In 1990, Saddam Hussein asked the Iraqi Parliament to authorize the release of all hostages being held by Iraq. The legislature acted the next day and all Americans who wished to leave were out a week later.

In 1991, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration issued sweeping changes in food labeling rules that required more detailed listing of contents.

In 1997, the Kamchatka Peninsula in Russia's Far East was hit by one of the largest earthquakes ever recorded, measuring 8.5 to 9 in magnitude. But, there were no reported deaths in the sparsely populated area.

In 2002, U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan said he was "gravely disturbed" by Israel's Gaza attack which left 10 Palestinians dead, including two U.N. Relief Works Agency employees.

In 2003, Sen. Hillary Rodham Clinton, D-N.Y., denying she had planned to run for president, blasted President Bush for trying to wreck the United States.

Also in 2003, U.S. Embassy officials confirmed that U.S. troops apparently accidentally bombed a house near Ghazni, Afghanistan, killing nine children and one adult.

In 2004, Congress passed a sweeping intelligence bill that would create a national intelligence director and enact other major recommendations of the Sept. 11 commission.

Also in 2004, militants struck the U.S. Consulate in Jiddah, Saudi Arabia, with explosives and machine guns. Nine died in the attack claimed by al-Qaida but no Americans were among them.

A thought for the day: U.S. Supreme Court Justice Robert Houghwout Jackson wrote, "The day that this country ceases to be free for irreligion, it will cease to be free for religion."