The Almanac

Today is Tuesday, Oct. 4, the 277th day of 2005 with 88 to follow.

This is the first day of Ramadan.

The moon is waxing. The morning stars are Mars and Saturn. The evening stars are Mercury, Jupiter, Uranus, Neptune, Venus and Pluto.

Those born on this date are under the sign of Libra. They include Rutherford B. Hayes, 19th president of the United States, in 1822; Frederic Remington, painter of the American West, in 1861; journalist/author Damon Runyan in 1884; pioneer movie comedian Buster Keaton in 1895; actors Charlton Heston in 1924 (age 81), Clifton Davis in 1945 (age 60), Susan Sarandon in 1946 (age 59), Armand Assante in 1949 (age 56) and Liev Schreiber in 1967 (age 38); authors Jackie Collins and Anne Rice, both in 1941 (age 64); singer Patti LaBelle in 1944 (age 61); and actresses Rachel Leigh Cook in 1975 (age 30) and Alicia Silverstone in 1976 (age 27).

On this date in history:

In 1777, American forces under Gen. George Washington were defeated by the British in a battle at Germantown, Pa.

In 1890, Mormons in Utah renounced polygamy.

In 1957, the Soviet Union launched the first man-made space satellite, Sputnik-1.

In 1965, Pope Paul VI arrived at Kennedy International Airport in New York City on the first visit by a reigning pope to the United States.

In 1976, Earl Butz resigned as agriculture secretary with an apology for what he called the "gross indiscretion" of uttering a racist remark.

In 1989, Art Shell was hired as head coach of the Oakand Raiders, the first black coach in the modern NFL.

In 1991, 24 countries, including the United States, signed an agreement banning mineral and oil exploration in Antarctica for 50 years.

In 1992, as many as 250 people were killed when an El Al 747 cargo plane crashed into an apartment building on the outskirts of Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Also in 1992, the Mozambique government and RENAMO rebels signed an historic peace accord, ending 16 years of civil war in the southeast African nation.

In 1993, President Clinton ordered several hundred more U.S. troops to Somalia one day after the deaths of three Marines in Mogadishu.

In 1995, Hurricane Opal cut a path of destruction through the Florida Panhandle, Alabama, Georgia and North Carolina.

In 1997, hundreds of thousands of Christian men gathered on the Mall in Washington to reaffirm their faith and to pledge to preserve the structure of the family.

In 2001, a Siberian Airlines jetliner exploded and plunged into the Black Sea, killing all 64 passengers and 12 crew members. The U.S. said later evidence showed the plane had been hit by a missile fired during a Ukrainian military training exercise.

Also in 2001, the Labor Department reported 528,000 new claims for unemployment, a nine-year high.

And, in 2001 sports, Rickey Henderson of the San Diego Padres scored his 2,246th run, breaking Ty Cobb's major league record.

In 2002, The so-called "shoe bomber," Richard Reid, pleaded guilty to all charges against him, stemming from his alleged effort to detonate explosives hidden in his sneakers during a 2001 Paris-to-Miami flight.

In 2003, a suicide bomber killed herself and 19 others in an attack on a crowded restaurant in the northern Israeli port of Haifa.

In 2004, SpaceShipOne, the first, privately funded rocket to reach the edge of space, flew to an altitude above 62 miles over the California desert.

Also in 2004, Gordon Cooper, one of the first U.S. astronauts, who logged more than 225 hours in space, died at his California home. He was 77.

A thought for the day: author Damon Runyan wrote, "... always try to rub up against money, for if you rub up against money long enough, some of it may rub off on you."