University of Chicago professor Yoichiro Nambu (R) is congratulated by fellow professor Peter Freund (L) and Enrico Fermi Institute director Simon Swordy after winning the Nobel prize in physics on October 7, 2008 in Chicago. The Tokyo born American was awarded the prize for discovering a mechanism called spontaneous broken symmetry in subatomic physics and shares the prize with Japanese physicists Makoto Kobayashi and Toshihide Maskawa. (UPI Photo/Brian Kersey)