Shōichi Nakagawa (中川 昭一, Nakagawa Shōichi?, born July 19, 1953) is a Japanese conservative politician in the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), who served as Minister of Finance until February 17, 2009. He previously held the posts of Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry and Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries in the cabinet of Junichiro Koizumi.

Nakagawa was born in Tokyo and attended Azabu High School, graduated from the law faculty of the University of Tokyo in 1978 and entered the Industrial Bank of Japan.

His father, prominent Hokkaidō politician Ichiro Nakagawa, mysteriously committed suicide in a hotel in 1983. Although Shoichi was born in Tokyo and had lived there his whole life, he ran to replace his father and succeeded him. At that time, he had a widely publicized conflict with his father's secretary, Muneo Suzuki, who also ran for a seat in a neighboring district. (Suzuki was forced to resign on corruption charges in 2002.)