Shivraj Vishwanath Patil (born October 12, 1935) is an Indian politician and a member of the Rajya Sabha. Previously he had been the Speaker of the 11th Lok Sabha and served the Manmohan Singh cabinet as the Union Minister of Home Affairs. He has also served the Indira Gandhi and Rajiv Gandhi cabinets as the defence minister during the 80's. He resigned from the post of Home-Minister on November 30, 2008 following wide-spread critism raised after terrorist attacks on Mumbai. He resigned taking the moral responsibility for the attacks.

Patil was born in 1935 in the village of Chakur in the Latur district (Marathwada region) of Maharashtra. He attended Osmania University, Hyderabad, earning a graduation degree in Science and studied Law at Bombay University. During 1967-69, he was involved in local government (Latur Municipality).

Patil belongs to the Lingayat community. He married Smt. Vijaya Patil in June 1963.