William Philip Gramm (born July 8, 1942, in Fort Benning, Georgia, USA) is a US politician, who has served as a Democratic Congressman (1978–1983), a Republican Congressman (1983–1985) and a Republican Senator from Texas (1985–2002). He was a senior economic adviser to John McCain's presidential campaign from the summer of 2007 until July 18, 2008.

Gramm was born in Fort Benning, Georgia on July 8, 1942, and grew up in nearby Columbus. Soon after his birth, Gramm's father Kenneth suffered a stroke and was partially paralyzed. He died when Gramm was 14. Gramm's mother, Florence Gramm, worked double shifts as a nurse to supplement the veterans disability pension. Gramm attended public schools and the University of Georgia, graduating in 1964.

Gramm received his doctorate in economics from the University of Georgia in 1967. He then taught economics at Texas A&M University from 1967 to 1978. In addition to teaching, Gramm served as a partner in the economic consulting firm Gramm & Associates (1971–1978).