Peter Woodard Galbraith (born December 31, 1950) is an author, commentator, policy adviser and former United States diplomat. In the late 1980s he helped uncover Saddam Hussein's gassing of the Kurds; in the early 1990s he served as the first U.S. Ambassador to Croatia. He has also been an adviser to U.S. policymakers on Iraq, and has been a strong advocate for independence for the Kurdish provinces of Iraq. In November 2009, it was revealed that Galbraith had financial interests in Kurdish oil fields and stood to reap hundreds of millions of dollars under laws he helped to draft.

He is the son of John Kenneth Galbraith, one of the leading economists of the 20th century, and Catherine (Kitty) Merriam Atwater and the brother of economist James K. Galbraith. After attending the Commonwealth School, he earned an A.B. degree from Harvard College, an M.A. from Oxford University, and a J.D. from Georgetown University Law Center.

Galbraith was a professional staff member for the U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations from 1979 to 1993, where he published many reports about Iraq and took a special interest in the Kurdish regions of Iraq. In 1987, he uncovered Saddam Hussein's systematic destruction of Kurdish villages and a year later wrote the "Prevention of Genocide Act of 1988" which would have imposed comprehensive sanctions on Iraq because of the gassing of the Kurds. The bill unanimously passed the Senate but was opposed by the Reagan Administration as "premature" and did not become law.