Neel T. Kashkari (Hindi/Kashmiri: नील काशकारी) (born July 30, 1973) was the Interim Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Financial Stability in the United States Department of the Treasury. In this role, he heads the Office of Financial Stability, the office set up to buy troubled financial assets from U.S. financial firms under the $700 billion U.S. Government Troubled Asset Relief Program. Kashkari joined the Treasury Department in July 2006 as Senior Advisor to U.S. Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson and was later appointed as the Assistant Secretary for International Economics and Development, a title he held through Friday, May 1, 2009, though his international affairs responsibilities are delegated to Assistant Secretary for International Affairs Clay Lowery.

Kashkari, an Indian American of Kashmiri Pandit ethnicity, was born on July 30, 1973, in Akron, Ohio, and grew up in the Akron suburb of Stow, Ohio. He attended Stow–Munroe Falls schools before transferring to the Western Reserve Academy in Hudson, Ohio, from which he graduated in 1991. His parents, Chaman and Sheila Kashkari, are from Srinagar’s Safriyar locality, located by Somyar Mandir, in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.

In July 2006, Kashkari was appointed as a special assistant to Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson. In the summer of 2008, he was appointed assistant secretary for international economics and was confirmed in that post by the U.S. Senate. On October 6, 2008, Paulson named Kashkari interim head of the new Office of Financial Stability. Overseen by the treasury secretary, he is in charge of creating and implementing the United States government's $700 billion financial stabilization program. This is an interim appointment; the permanent head of the Office of Financial Stability will require Senate confirmation, which is unlikely before the inauguration of the next administration in January. The Obama transition team has asked Kashkari to remain at Treasury after inauguration for a limited period to assist in the transition.