Marwan Bin Khatib Barghouti ( مروان البرغوثي born June 6, 1959) is a Palestinian politician and militant leader who gained political authority during the First and Second Intifada. He was captured and detained by Israel in 2002 on the charges of murder of Israeli civilians and attacks on Israeli soldiers. Serving five life sentences in Israel, he still exerts great influence in Fatah from within prison. With popularity reaching further then that, there have been some speculation in whether he would be a unifying candidate in a bid to succeed Abu Mazen.

In negotiations between Hamas and Israel over the exchange for the captured Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit, Marwan Bargouti is one of the more probable names to be on the list aside many other Palestinian prisoners of different affiliations.

Barghouti was born in the village of Kobar near Ramallah, and became active in Fatah at the age of 15. He comes from the Barghouti clan, an extended family from Deir Ghassaneh and should not be confused with fellow Palestinian political figure Mustafa Barghouti, a distant cousin. By the age of 18 in 1976, Marwan Barghouti was arrested by Israel for his involvement with Palestinian militant groups, and learned Hebrew during his time in imprisonment.