Euskadi Ta Askatasuna or ETA (Basque for "Basque Homeland and Freedom"; pronounced ), is an armed Basque nationalist and separatist organization. Founded in 1959, it evolved from a group advocating traditional cultural ways to a paramilitary group with the goal of Basque independence. Its ideology is Marxist-Leninist.

Most formulations of ETA's goals have centred on sovereignty and self-determination for the Basque Country from a Marxist-Leninist interpretation.

ETA's motto is Bietan jarrai ("Keep up on both"). This refers to the two figures in its symbol, a snake (representing politics) wrapped around an axe (representing armed fight).