Barbara Cohen Walther is an American judge in 51st District Court of Texas who ordered the removal of hundreds of children from the YFZ Ranch in Texas in an April 2008 raid because of suspected child abuse. The Texas 3rd Court of Appeals later ruled two separate opinions that Walther had abused her discretion in allowing CPS to remove the children of some mothers.

Judge Walther is a graduate of Southern Methodist University School of Law. She graduated in May 1977.

During custody hearings, Walther refused to accept birth certificates offered by FLDS women as proof of their age or their status as a parent, accepting CPS determinations that "disputed minors" were underage. All were later determined by CPS to be adults, married or both.