Alice Mitchell Rivlin (born March 4, 1931, in Philadelphia) is an economist, a former U.S. Cabinet official, and an expert on the budget. She is currently on the board of directors of the New York Stock Exchange.

Rivlin is an alumna of the Madeira School, earned a B.A. at Bryn Mawr College in 1952 and earned a Ph.D. from Radcliffe College in 1958. She has been affiliated several times with the Brookings Institution, including stints in 1957–66, 1969–75, 1983–93, and 1999 to the present. She is currently a visiting professor at the Georgetown Public Policy Institute.

She was appointed by President Lyndon Johnson as Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare from 1968 to 1969. In 1971 she authored Systematic Thinking for Social Action.