Ministry officials said the Friday raids, which were conducted by a joint force of Iraqi and U.S. troops, uncovered the weapons and resulted in the detainment of hundreds of suspects, CNN reported Saturday.
A U.S. military spokesman said the cache was found near the Baghdad office of radical Shiite cleric Muqtada al-Sadr.
The unidentified Defense Ministry official told CNN 123 wanted suspects were arrested in Baghdad's al-Amal and Bayaa neighborhoods, while an additional 12 suspects were detained in capital's Rahmaniyat al-Shula region.
Meanwhile, U.S. military officials said Saturday seven Marines and two Iraqi police officers were wounded by a roadside bomb in Fallujah.
A civilian interpreter was killed in the incident, military officials told CNN. The Iraqi Interior Ministry described the attack as a suicide car bombing at a government security checkpoint.