Hormones may cause neuro gender variations

GALVESTON, Texas, June 15 (UPI) -- U.S. scientists suggest estrogens affect the body's dopamine transporter, thereby explaining women's susceptibility to some neurological diseases.

Researchers said Parkinson's, Tourette's and Alzheimer's diseases, along with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and schizophrenia are all associated with alterations in dopamine-driven function involving the dopamine transporter.

Rebecca Alyea and Cheryl Watson of the University of Texas Medical Branch said they investigated how physiological estrogen levels might influence neurochemical pathways, including dopamine signaling.

"The significance of estrogen-coupled regulation of the (dopamine transporter) by both direct and indirect interactions between estrogen receptors … should provide insights into how neurological diseases which involve the (transporter) are related to developmental, gender and life stage issues," Watson said. "Such regulation may suggest new ideas about treatment and prevention of diseases associated with extreme hormonal fluctuations such as in postpartum depression."

Women experience significant estrogen level changes at various life stages such as adolescence, menopause and as a result of monthly cycles. The scientists said women are also most likely to experience the onset or exacerbations of some neurological diseases at those times.

The research is detailed in the journal BMC Neuroscience.