The research being conducted at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Glenn Research Center involves using functional near infrared spectroscopy and other imaging technology to measure blood flow in the brain's cortex and the concentration of oxygen in the blood.

NASA said such emerging technology offers a non-invasive, safe, portable and inexpensive method for monitoring indicators of neural activity.

Through the studies, researchers hope to find ways to improve the interaction between the increasingly sophisticated automation being used in aircraft and the humans who operate those aircraft, NASA said. The goal is to aid pilot decision-making to improve aviation safety.

"No matter how much training pilots have, conditions could occur when too much is going on in the cockpit," said Angela Harrivel, a NASA biomedical engineer who is leading the research. "What we hope to achieve by this study is a way to sensitively -- and, ultimately, unobtrusively -- determine when pilots become mentally overloaded."