The researchers are working with EmNet LLC on a wireless sensor network for the city of South Bend, Ind., using 105 manhole-mounted sensors and "smart valves" to automatically hold back storm surges of rainwater and sewage until the storm has passed.

"To our knowledge, this monitoring system will be the first of its kind in the world because it will be the largest wireless sensor network in a permanent, industrial setting," said Luis Montestruque of EmNet.

The system consists of numerous computer chips communicating with each other over a wireless radio network. The microcomputers in the sewer system are connected to flow sensors, pressure sensors and valves in a network that works in a cooperative manner to control storm runoff, Montestruque said.

The system is expected to be fully functional by next summer.

Notre Dame Associate Professor Jeffrey Talley is also developing a technique of using ultrasound to clean water diverted to temporary holding facilities. That might eventually reduce the need to later route water to the municipal wastewater treatment facility.