The almanac

Today is Sunday, Jan. 16, the 16th day of 2011 with 349 to follow.

The moon is waxing. The morning stars are Mars, Jupiter, Uranus and Neptune. The evening stars are Mercury, Saturn and Venus.

Those born on this date are under the sign of Capricorn. They include German philosopher Franz Brentano in 1838; Andre Michelin, the French industrialist who first mass-produced rubber automobile tires, in 1853; Canadian poet Robert Service in 1874; Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista and inventor Frank Zamboni, both in 1901; singer Ethel Merman in 1908; baseball pitcher Jerome "Dizzy" Dean in 1910; zoologist Dian Fossey in 1932; writer Susan Sontag in 1933; opera singer Marilyn Horne in 1934 (age 77); race car driver A.J. Foyt in 1935 (age 76); country singer Ronnie Milsap in 1944 (age 67); radio talk show host Laura Schlessinger in 1947 (age 64); film director John Carpenter in 1948 (age 63); choreographer, actor and director Debbie Allen in 1950 (age 62); Nigerian singer Sade Adu in 1959 (age 52); British model Kate Moss in 1974 (age 37); and major-league baseball player Albert Pujols in 1980 (age 31).

On this date in history:

In 1581, the English Parliament outlaws Roman Catholicism.

In 1777, Vermont declares independence from New York.

In 1883, the U.S. Congress passed a bill creating the civil service.

In 1919, the United States went legally "dry" as prohibition of alcoholic beverages took effect under the 18th Amendment to the Constitution. The amendment was repealed in 1933.

In 1925, Leon Trotsky was dismissed as chairman of the Russian Revolution Military Council.

In 1942, screen star Carole Lombard, her mother and 20 other people were killed in a plane crash near Las Vegas. Lombard was the wife of actor Clark Gable.

In 1944, U.S. Army Gen. Dwight Eisenhower arrived in London to assume command of the Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Forces in Europe.

In 1984, U.S. President Ronald Reagan called for "peaceful competition" with Moscow. He authorized research and development on space-age weapons capable of destroying incoming nuclear missiles, the program known as "Star Wars."

In 1986, Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi said Libya would train, arm and protect Arab guerrillas for Palestinian "suicide and terrorist missions," his first explicit endorsement of terrorism.

In 1987, China's No. 2 leader, Hu Yaobang, 71, was forced to resign as Communist Party chief for failing to curb student demonstrations for more democracy.

In 1991, the Persian Gulf War began with the allied bombing of Baghdad.

In 1994, at a Geneva news conference with U.S. President Bill Clinton, Syrian President Hafez Assad indicated a willingness to negotiate a peace treaty with Israel.

In 1997, a bomb exploded at an Atlanta building housing an abortion clinic. An hour later, after investigators and others had come to the scene, a second bomb went off, injuring six people.

In 2000, British drug maker Glaxo Wellcome agreed to buy SmithKline Beecham for $76 billion, creating the world's largest pharmaceutical company.

In 2001, President Laurent Kabila of the Democratic Republic of the Congo was shot to death, reportedly by one of his bodyguards, who was killed by other bodyguards.

In 2005, U.S. President George W. Bush said his re-election was a ratification of what he did in Iraq and there was no reason to hold any administration official accountable.

In 2006, Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf was sworn in as Liberia's president. She was the first female elected head of state in Africa.

Also in 2006, International Atomic Energy Agency officials said Iran's newly restarted nuclear program could enable the country to have nuclear weapons within three years.

And, a suicide attack at a Kandahar, Afghanistan, wrestling match killed 22 civilians.

In 2007, a U.N. report said about 34,000 Iraqis died violent deaths due to fighting and terrorist attacks in Iraq during 2006.

In 2008, officials in Islamabad put the death toll at 47 in the attack on a northwestern Pakistani military outpost by about 200 Taliban militants.

Also in 2008, Republican Bobby Jindal took over as the governor of Louisiana. He was the first Indian-American elected to that office in the United States. At 36, he also was the nation's youngest governor.

And, a report says the United States' roads, bridges, dams and sewer systems are in such major disrepair that fixing infrastructure could cost $1.6 trillion.

In 2009, U.S. officials said new evidence indicated Iran was trying to skirt sanctions and acquire tungsten copper and specialized aluminum and titanium sheets that can be used in missile production.

In 2010, after three days of delays caused by what international relief groups called tremendous logistical challenges disaster aid made its way to victims in earthquake-ravaged Haiti.

Also in 2010, for the second time, the Afghan Parliament refused to approve the majority of President Hamid Karzai's Cabinet nominees. The Parliament approved nominees for seven posts and rejected 10 others.

A thought for the day: In the film "Tomorrow Never Dies," James Bond said, "The distance between insanity and genius is measured only by success."