The Almanac

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Today is Wednesday, April 11, the 101st day of 2007 with 264 to follow.

The moon is waning. The morning stars are Mercury, Mars, Jupiter, Uranus and Neptune. The evening stars are Venus and Saturn.

Those born on this date are under the sign of Aries. They include American statesman and orator Edward Everett in 1794; U.S. Supreme Court Justice Charles Evans Hughes in 1862; statesman Dean Acheson, secretary of State under President Harry Truman, in 1893; fashion designer Oleg Cassini in 1913; Ethel Kennedy, widow of Sen. Robert F. Kennedy, in 1928 (age 79); actors Joel Grey in 1932 (age 75), Louise Lasser in 1939 (age 68) and Peter Riegert and Meshach Taylor, both in 1947 (age 60); and Pulitzer Prize-winning columnist Ellen Goodman in 1941 (age 66).

On this date in history:

In 1945, the Buchenwald concentration camp in Germany was liberated by Allied troops.

In 1947, Jackie Robinson became the first black player in major league baseball, signing with the Brooklyn Dodgers.

In 1951, U.S. President Harry Truman relieved Gen. Douglas MacArthur of his command in Korea.

In 1968, one week after the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr., U.S. President Lyndon Johnson signed into law the Civil Rights Act of 1968.

In 1970, the Apollo 13 spacecraft was launched from Cape Canaveral, Fla., on the third U.S. moon-landing mission. The attempt was aborted when an oxygen tank exploded but the astronauts safely returned to Earth.

In 1983, Harold Washington was elected the first black mayor of Chicago.

In 1987, South Africa, extending a 9-month-old state of emergency, barred all protests on behalf of political detainees.

In 1991, Italian Prime Minister-designate Giulio Andreotti formed a coalition Cabinet to serve as Italy's 50th postwar government.

In 1993, nine inmates and one guard were killed when an 11-day riot erupted at the maximum-security Southern Ohio Correctional Facility near Lucasville.

In 1996, Israel retaliated for bomb attacks by shelling Hezbollah positions in Lebanon. A U.N. refugee camp was struck, killing more than 100 civilians.

Also in 1996, 7-year-old pilot Jessica Dubroff, her father and her flight instructor were killed when their plane crashed on take off from Cheyenne, Wyo.

In 2002, a jury in Cleveland convicted U.S. Rep. James Traficant, D-Ohio, of racketeering and corruption.

In 2005, U.S. President George W. Bush's controversial nomination of Undersecretary of State John Bolton to be U.S. ambassador to the United Nations drew such sharp criticism that confirmation hearings were set back one week.

Also in 2005, seven people were reported dead and hundreds trapped when a nine-story garment factory collapsed 20 miles from the Dhaka, Bangladesh.

In 2006, Ariel Sharon was officially relieved of his duties as prime minister of Israel when the Cabinet declared him to be permanently incapacitated. Sharon suffered a major stroke on Jan. 4, 2006, and fell into a coma a short time later. He was succeeded by Ehud Olmert.

Also in 2006, more than 1 million U.S. immigrants and their supporters in some 150 cities across the nation rallied peacefully against a congressional clampdown and possible deportations.

And, the leader of the Sicilian Mafia, Bernardo Provenzano, was arrested near Palermo, Italy, after eluding capture for 43 years.

A thought for the day: it was Jerry Seinfeld who said, "A bookstore is one of the only pieces of evidence we have that people are still thinking."