The Almanac

Today is Friday, July 26, the 207th day of 2002 with 158 to follow.

The moon is waning, moving toward its last quarter.

The morning stars are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.

The evening stars are Mars, Mercury, Venus and Pluto.

On this date are under the sign of Leo. They include artist George Catlin, painter of American Indian scenes, in 1796; playwright George Bernard Shaw in 1856; Carl Jung, founder of analytic psychology, in 1875; novelist Aldous Huxley in 1894; poet/author Robert Graves in 1895; Tennessee Sen. Estes Kefauver, who led the 1950-51 Senate investigation of organized crime, in 1903; comedian Gracie Allen in 1906; actress Vivian Vance in 1912; actor Jason Robards and movie producer Blake Edwards, both in 1922 (age 80); filmmaker Stanley Kubrick in 1928; storyteller Jean Shepherd in 1929; rock star Mick Jagger in 1943 (age 59); actress Helen Mirren in 1946 (age 56); tennis player Vitas Gerulaitis in 1954; and actors Kevin Spacey in 1959 (age 43) and Sandra Bullock in 1964 (age 38).

On this date in history:

In 1847, Liberia became a republic, and Africa's first sovereign, black-ruled democratic nation.

In 1908, the Federal Bureau of Investigation was born when U.S. Attorney General Charles Bonaparte ordered a group of newly hired federal investigators to report to Chief Examiner Stanley W. Finch of the Department of Justice. It didn't become officially the FBI until 1935.

In 1941, Gen. Douglas MacArthur was named commander of U.S. forces in the Philippines.

In 1956, Egypt created a crisis by nationalizing the British and French-owned Suez Canal

1984, "The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson" became the first network television show to be broadcast in stereo.

In 1990, the House voted 408-18 to reprimand Rep. Barney Frank, D-Mass., for actions he took on behalf of a male prostitute.

In 1991, Secretary of State James Baker became the first Western diplomat to address the Mongolian parliament.

In 1992, under pressure, Iraq backed down and agreed to allow a U.N. inspection team to look for documentation on weapons of mass destruction.

Also in 1992, Motown singer/songwriter Mary Wells died of cancer at age 49.

In 1994, the House Banking Committee opened hearings into the Whitewater affair. The Senate Banking Committee did the same three days later.

Also in 1994, a dozen people were injured by a bomb blast near the Israeli embassy in London.

In 1995, the Senate passed a bill that would end U.S participation in the arms embargo against the Bosnian government.

In 2000, in a major victory for the recording industry, a federal judge ordered Napster to stop allowing the digital trading of copyrighted music over its Web site.

A thought for the day: Matthew Arnold wrote, "The freethinking of one age is the common sense of the next."