The Almanac

Today is Thursday, Dec. 27, the 361st day of 2001 with four to follow.

The moon is waxing, moving toward its full phase.

The morning star is Jupiter.

The evening stars are Mars and Saturn.

Those born on this date are under the sign of Capricorn. They include German astronomer Johannes Kepler in 1571; English engineer George Cayley, father of the science of aerodynamics, in 1773; French bacteriologist Louis Pasteur in 1822; actress Marlene Dietrich in 1901; news correspondent Cokie Roberts in 1943 (age 58); French actor Gerard Depardieu in 1948 (age 53); and former Mexican President Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de Leon in 1951 (age 50).

On this date in history:

In 1932, Radio City Music Hall opened in New York City.

In 1941, Japanese warplanes bombed Manila in the Philippines, even though it had been declared an "open city."

In 1947, the first "Howdy Doody" show, under the title "Puppet Playhouse," was telecast on NBC.

In 1968, the Apollo-8 astronauts returned to Earth after orbiting the moon 10 times, paving the way for later moon-landing missions.

In 1985, terrorists killed 20 people and wounded 110 in attacks on passengers of the Israeli airline El Al at the Rome and Vienna airports. President Reagan blamed Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi.

In 1991, a Scandinavian Airlines jet with 129 aboard crashed and broke apart after taking off from Stockholm. No one was killed.

In 1992, a U.S. jet shot down an Iraqi fighter over southern Iraq's "no-fly" zone in the first such incident since the Persian Gulf War.

In 1997, Britain's Windsor Castle was reopened to the public following restoration work. 100 rooms of the palace were damaged in a fire in 1992.

In 1998, the smallest of the Chukwu octuplets, born earlier in the month in Houston, died.

A thought for the day: an anonymous saying goes, "Education is what you have left over after you have forgotten everything you have learned."