Vitamin D may reduce nursing home falls

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SYDNEY, Jan. 19 (UPI) -- Falls, a leading cause of death and disability in the elderly, may be reduced by vitamin D supplementation in nursing homes, Australian researchers say.

Lead researcher Ian Cameron of the Sydney Medical School said older people living in nursing facilities or admitted to a hospital are at higher risk for falls than those living at home. Hip fractures, which can be deadly, occur in nursing facilities at a rate 10 times greater than elsewhere.

Cameron and colleagues conducted a meta-analysis of 41 studies involving 25,422 older people, mostly women. Five studies tested the effects of giving vitamin D to patients in nursing facilities, where it was found to be an effective measure for preventing falls although researchers are not sure why.

The researchers found multifacreted interventions -- which often incorporated exercise, medication or environmental factors including appropriate equipment -- reduced the risk of falls in hospitals. In nursing homes, the effects of multifactorial interventions were not significant overall.

However, the researchers concluded such approaches provided by multidisciplinary teams in these facilities may reduce the rate and risk of falls.

"In our review, we saw limited evidence that these combined interventions work, but we could more confidently recommend them if they were delivered by a multidisciplinary team," Cameron said.

The findings are published in the Cochrane Review.

(Editors: This item initially moved Jan. 15 in error)